Alcázar, L., Lopez-Calix, J. R., y Wachtenheim, E. (2003). Las pérdidas en el camino, fugas en el gasto público: transferencias municipales, vaso de leche y sector educación. Instituto Apoyo. Lima.

When one looks at the deplorable social indicators in our country, the first question that comes to mind is whether this is because the state spends too little on essentials such as education, health and nutrition, or whether it is because these services and programmes are so inefficient. Are we spending too little or spending too badly? The answer, surely, is: both.