Employment, Productivity and Innovation
The main objective of various projects carried out at GRADE in this area has been to assess the economic impacts of labor legislation and its effects on the hiring of temporary workers, on employment rotation and mobility, or non-salary labor costs and on the demand for formal employment. Additional issues include the insertion of youth in the labor market, self-employment rates, the role of micro and small-scale enterprises in employment generation, and policies for driving innovation in the country.
Senior Researchers
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Juan José Díaz Noziglia
PhD en Economics - University of Maryland
Juan José Díaz has a PhD in Economics from the University of Maryland. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. His interests include the labor economy and evaluating social, educational, health and development programs.
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Miguel Jaramillo Baanante
PhD en History - University of California
Miguel Jaramillo has a degree in Economics from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. He completed his graduate studies in Economics and History at the University of California, where he received a PhD in History. His areas of interests are labor economics, social policy and institutional analysis. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. […]
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Máximo Torero Cullen (de licencia)
PhD en Economics - University of California, Los Angeles
Maximo received a PhD from the University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Economics and held a postdoctoral fellow position at the UCLA Institute for Social Science Research (ISSR). Currently, he is the Chief Economist of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Prior to joining FAO, he was the World Bank Group Executive Director for […]
External Affiliated Researchers
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Sonia Laszlo
PhD en - University of Toronto
Sonia Laszlo is Associate Professor of Economics and Director of the Institute for the Study of International Development. Her main research areas cover many aspects of applied microeconomic analysis in economic development: rural development, access to markets, and the relationship between income, health and education in economic development. In addition to using traditional analytic tools […]
Publications
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Unveiling barriers to women’s access to decent work in Peru.
2024 Lorena Alcazar, Fernando Távara, Shirley Huerta
Peru suffers from a serious gender inequality problem in the labor market that cannot be understood by considering employment rates alone. Rather, it is also necessary to analyze the conditions under which women participate in the labor market. This study seeks to identify economic, legal, and socio-cultural barriers that women face in accessing decent employment. […]
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Abordando los estereotipos de género y políticas públicas para facilitar el acceso a un trabajo decente en las mujeres en el Perú
2023 Lorena Alcazar, Fernando Távara, Shirley Huerta
A pesar de años de esfuerzos promoviendo la igualdad de género y cierto progreso, la desigualdad laboral entre mujeres y hombres persiste en el Perú. En 2022, un equipo de investigadores del PEP (Partnership for Economic Policy) analizó los factores detrás de esta persistente brecha y, más específicamente, las barreras que impiden el acceso de […]
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Nudging microentrepreneurs under fire: Experimental evidence from favelas in Rio de Janeiro
2023 Anna-Katharina Lenz, Martin Valdivia
Do behavioral biases and the distortions generated by the presence of organized crime limit microentrepreneurs’ adoption of growth-oriented business practices? We explore this question in a field experiment with informal microentrepreneurs in which we provide informational visits and text messages about the advantages and convenience of a formalization program. All microentrepreneurs operated in Complexo Maré, […]
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JournalInternational Labour Review
Revisiting the stepping-stone hypothesis: Transitions from temporary to permanent contracts in Peru
2023 Miguel Jaramillo, Daniela Campos
This study seeks to gauge the extent to which temporary contracts function as stepping stones to permanent contracts and to distinguish intrafirm from interfirm contract conversions. Using 2012–2016 data from a Peruvian matched employer–employee database, the authors propose several measures of contract conversion and estimate duration models. Their findings show that only 7 per cent […]
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JournalThe Journal of Politics.
Do Political Preferences Affect Policy Learning and Uptake? Evidence from a Field Experiment with Informal Entrepreneurs
2023 Cesar Zucco, Anna-Katharina Lenz, Rafael Goldszmidt, Martin Valdivia
We examine whether political preferences affect uptake and learning about government programs in the context of Brazil’s Individual Microentrepreneur Program, which offers subsidized access to social security coverage and business-related incentives. We fielded a randomized intervention that provided one-on-one consultancy and assistance to informal entrepreneurs. Treatment increased formalization rates, but we found only weak evidence […]
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Unveiling barriers to women’s access to decent work in Peru.
2024
Peru suffers from a serious gender inequality problem in the labor market that cannot be understood by considering employment rates alone. Rather, it is also necessary to analyze the conditions under which women participate in the labor market. This study seeks to identify economic, legal, and socio-cultural barriers that women face in accessing decent employment. […]
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Nudging microentrepreneurs under fire: Experimental evidence from favelas in Rio de Janeiro
2023
Do behavioral biases and the distortions generated by the presence of organized crime limit microentrepreneurs’ adoption of growth-oriented business practices? We explore this question in a field experiment with informal microentrepreneurs in which we provide informational visits and text messages about the advantages and convenience of a formalization program. All microentrepreneurs operated in Complexo Maré, […]
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Employment protection legislation and on-the-job training in an informal labor market: evidence from Peru
2022
Training and learning on the job are two critical channels for human capital accumulation during work years. Several studies in developed countries have found that fixed-term contract (FTC) workers receive less training sponsored by their employers than openended contract (OEC) workers do. In contrast, FTC workers participate more actively in informal learning during their job […]
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COVID-19 y las migraciones de la ciudad al campo en el Perú: identificación de amenazas y oportunidades para el uso sostenible del capital natural
2022
El Perú es uno de los países más fuertemente golpeados por la pandemia del COVID-19 en el mundo. El confinamiento nacional obligatorio que empezó a regir a mediados de marzo de 2020 y fue ampliado en varias oportunidades hasta finales de junio del mismo año, trajo como consecuencia la paralización de diversos sectores económicos y […]
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Unpacking the Post-lockdown Employment Recovery of Young Women in the Global South
2021
This paper analyses the difference in short-term employment recovery between young men and women in India, Peru and Vietnam following the national lockdowns imposed in all three countries during 2020. The authors employ a mediation model to establish whether – and to what extent – commonly suggested mechanisms are responsible for a relatively slower recovery among […]
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JournalInternational Labour Review
Revisiting the stepping-stone hypothesis: Transitions from temporary to permanent contracts in Peru
2023
This study seeks to gauge the extent to which temporary contracts function as stepping stones to permanent contracts and to distinguish intrafirm from interfirm contract conversions. Using 2012–2016 data from a Peruvian matched employer–employee database, the authors propose several measures of contract conversion and estimate duration models. Their findings show that only 7 per cent […]
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JournalThe Journal of Politics.
Do Political Preferences Affect Policy Learning and Uptake? Evidence from a Field Experiment with Informal Entrepreneurs
2023
We examine whether political preferences affect uptake and learning about government programs in the context of Brazil’s Individual Microentrepreneur Program, which offers subsidized access to social security coverage and business-related incentives. We fielded a randomized intervention that provided one-on-one consultancy and assistance to informal entrepreneurs. Treatment increased formalization rates, but we found only weak evidence […]
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JournalThe European Journal of Development Research
Microcredit Impacts: Evidence from a Large-Scale Observational Study in Brazil
2022
This paper studies the impact of microcredit in Brazil. We use a propensity score matching on original primary data on business and personal outcomes to compare veteran clients of BNDES—Brazil’s largest government-owned development bank—to a matched sample of more recent clients. Based on administrative data as well as data from a survey of 2107 clients […]
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JournalJournal of Development Economics
The value of redistribution: Natural resources and the formation of human capital under weak institutions
2020
Researchers exploit time and spatial variation generated by the commodities boom to measure the effect of natural resources on human capital formation in Peru, a country with low governance indicators. Combining testscores from over two million students and district-level administrative data of mining taxes redistributed to localgovernments, they find sizable effects on student learning from […]
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Journaleconomíaunam
The impact of Covid-19 on the Peruvian economy
2020
Potential impacts on labor incomes of Peruvian homes are analyzed. Although it is still uncertain the magnitude and duration of the economic shock those homes deal with, our approach focus attention on this research question: how prepared are the Peruvian homes for shocks as the one they are dealing with these days? What impacts are […]
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Innovación en el sector público
El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar2022
Los procesos de innovación en el sector público son fundamentales para generar nuevos y mejorados servicios o bienes, pero también para reformar y hacer más eficiente el proceso de entrega de aquellos ya existentes. Para ello, es preciso que el Gobierno tenga claro cuál es el modelo de provisión con el que se entregarán estos […]
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La protección social en el Perú: estado actual y cómo marchar hacia el acceso universal
El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar2022
En este ensayo se busca resumir el estado de la cuestión sobre la protección social en el Perú, y sugerir algunos campos de acción concretos para avanzar en el diseño de un sistema que cubra a todos los ciudadanos.
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Educación superior, políticas inclusivas y discriminación en el mercado laboral
El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar2022
Este ensayo apunta al tema de productividad desde el ángulo de la formación de capital humano. Este estudio resume los avances en acceso a la educación y muestra la tarea pendiente en educación superior, y luego debate el papel de las políticas inclusivas con el ejemplo de Beca 18 en el contexto de un mercado […]
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Radio and video as a means for financial education in rural households in Peru
Information Technologies and Economic Development in Latin America2020
This chapter analyzes the impact of a financial literacy training of a Peruvian microfinance institution, which is delivered by credit officers in monthly sessions with the support of video and radio materials.
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La transición hacia el mercado laboral y los estudios postsecundarios en Perú: evidencia del estudio Niños del Milenio
Millennials en América Latina y el Caribe: ¿trabajar o estudiar?2018
Durante las últimas dos décadas, Perú ha sido uno de los países con mayor crecimiento económico de Latinoamérica, y ha tenido una de las reducciones más importantes en pobreza monetaria, así como mejoras en los niveles de acceso a la educación. Sin embargo, a pesar de estos avances, la calidad de los trabajos a los […]
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Abordando los estereotipos de género y políticas públicas para facilitar el acceso a un trabajo decente en las mujeres en el Perú
2023
A pesar de años de esfuerzos promoviendo la igualdad de género y cierto progreso, la desigualdad laboral entre mujeres y hombres persiste en el Perú. En 2022, un equipo de investigadores del PEP (Partnership for Economic Policy) analizó los factores detrás de esta persistente brecha y, más específicamente, las barreras que impiden el acceso de […]
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Percepciones y expectativas de docentes y familias rurales sobre las escuelas multigrado
2020
El objetivo de este artículo es dar a conocer las percepciones y expectativas que docentes, madres y padres de familia tienen sobre la escuela rural multigrado. Este trabajo forma parte de un estudio realizado por el proyecto CREER, que será publicado próximamente.
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Covid-19 y el shock externo: Impactos económicos y opciones de política en el Perú
2020
Latinoamérica sufre al momento dos shocks, independientes pero relacionados, el impacto del Covid-19 y el shock de precios de materias primas. Perú es un caso en el que el impacto más fuerte proviene de la epidemia. Perú fue el primer país de América Latina en reaccionar con medidas sanitarias y económicas frente al coronavirus. El […]
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Experiencias de convivencia, matrimonio y maternidad/paternidad en adolescentes y jóvenes peruanos. Policy brief
2019
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Crecimiento y segmentación en el Perú
2015Miguel Jaramillo, ,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar
2022
Los ensayos que conforman este libro han sido escritos a modo de conmemoración por los primeros 40 años de vida institucional de GRADE, que coinciden no solo con el Bicentenario de la Independencia del Perú, sino también con la crisis sanitaria por la pandemia del COVID-19 y sus profundas secuelas económicas, sociales y políticas. Desde […]
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The dynamics of the Peruvian labor market: job creation and destruction and destruction of jobs and worker flows
2021
Peruvian labor analysis has focused mainly on its static dimension. Thus, the focus has been on indicators such as the number of jobs generated; unemployment, occupation or participation rates; job allocation by sector or formality, of unemployment, occupation or participation; the allocation of work according to sectors or formality condition. These indicators provide a view […]
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Investigación para el desarrollo en el Perú: once balances
2016
Este libro recoge los once balances de investigación presentados en la conferencia Avances Recientes en la Investigación y Políticas para el Desarrollo, organizada en el marco del 35 aniversario del Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE). Los textos de esta publicación buscan continuar satisfaciendo la demanda de conocimiento dirigida a sostener un debate más […]
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Towards an inclusive and sustainable development in Latin America: dialogue between research and public policies
2016
Esta publicación es resultado del seminario internacional Hacia un Desarrollo Inclusivo y Sostenible en América Latina: Diálogos entre Investigación y Políticas Públicas, organizado por el Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE) y el Instituto de Estudios Peruanos (IEP), el 25 y 26 de junio de 2014. Representa un esfuerzo de recopilación de lo más relevante y valioso […]
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Hacia un sistema de formación continua de la fuerza laboral en el Perú
2015, Juan Jose Diaz, ,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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¿Reinserción y permanencia en el mercado laboral con equidad de género?: el Servicio Cuidado Diurno en madres jóvenes
2021
Durante las últimas dos décadas, las mujeres peruanas han ganado derechos en diferentes ámbitos de la vida social, política y económica (Benavente y Valdés, 2014; Sara-lafosse, 2009). La inserción de la fuerza laboral femenina representa para ellas un logro en su autonomía económica (Irigaray, 1992; Lupica, 2015). Aquellas que son madres, sin embargo, enfrentan penalizaciones […]
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Habilidades, formación para el trabajo y subempleo juvenil: un enfoque de ciclo de vida
2019
This study uses longitudinal data from the Young Lives study to establish which are the most important aspects that predict access to job formation and the labour market at age 22. Results highlight the role of cognitive skills, socio-emotional competencies, and the socio-economic level of the household to explain access to higher education institutions and […]
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Regulación del mercado laboral en Perú
2004Miguel Jaramillo,
Mimeo preparado para el Proyecto CRECER, USAID.
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Un análisis dinámico del desempleo en el Perú
2000,
En el presente documento precisamente se utilizan herramientas que permiten explorar la naturaleza fundamentalmente dinámica de la tasa de desempleo abierto.
Projects
- Consultancy for the review and update of the availability of human capital for innovation in PeruSeptember 2023
- Consultancy for the review and update of the availability of human capital for innovation in PeruSeptember 2023
- Country Portfolio Evaluation of German Support to Peru between 2010 and 2022May 2023
- Soft skills and the resilience of women microentrepreneurs in PeruApril 2023
- Generating Informality StatisticsAugust 2022
- Identification of barriers to women’s participation in the labor market and policies to address them in PeruMarch 2022
- Shaping the response to COVID-19July 2020
- Rebuilding to improve: opportunities from the crisis for sustainable and inclusive improvements in food security, labor markets and social protectionJuly 2020
- Reintegration and permanence in the labor market with gender equality : scope and limitations of the Cuna Más Day Care Service for young mothers in LimaJanuary 2020
- Inequality of opportunity in Peru: How can young people develop relevant skills and find decent employment in a rapidly changing job market?December 2018
News
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The labor market in 2023, on a downward path, by Miguel Jaramillo
January 15, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
“At the end of the third quarter, according to the Permanent National Employment Survey, the labor force was stagnant, while inactivity had increased considerably, particularly in rural areas, where it increased by 20%.” Our Senior Researcher Miguel Jaramillo analyzes the labor market in 2023 and shares his expectations for this new year. Read his full […]
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Miguel Jaramillo’s opinion on the OECD’s recommendations for Peru in labor matters
September 29, 2023 Employment, productivity and innovation
“Social security is only 9% of non-wage costs. The analysis is correct, but politically it is not very viable. Lately they are aiming for more vacations and higher minimum salaries”. Our Senior Researcher Miguel Jaramillo gave his opinion on the proposals of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for 2026 in labor matters. […]
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“Urgent: better opportunities for young people,” by Miguel Jaramillo
September 19, 2023 Employment, productivity and innovation
“Entering the labor market through precarious jobs often leads to equally precarious life and work trajectories.” Miguel Jaramillo, senior researcher at GRADE, writes about the urgency of promoting better opportunities for young people and the challenges for policy design. Read his full article in El Comercio.
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Miguel Jaramillo: “The recovery of employment is reaching its limits”
July 24, 2023 Employment, productivity and innovation
“The recovery of employment is reaching its limits”. According to Miguel Jaramillo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, a correction in the deterioration of the Peruvian labor market is not expected in view of the bad outlook for the economy and investment. He questioned the measures taken by the Congress that affect the labor market. Interview under […]
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Does politics affect the uptake of social policies? Post by Martín Valdivia and others in The Journal of Politics’ blog
June 25, 2023 Employment, productivity and innovation
Martin Valdivia and coauthors examine whether policy preferences affect the uptake and learning from government programs in the context of Brazil’s Individual Microentrepreneur Program, which provides subsidized access to social security coverage and business-related incentives. To this end, they report the results of a field experiment in low-income communities in Rio de Janeiro. Blog based on […]
Events
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GRADE, PEP and WIEGO held the Decent Work for Women in Peru: Barriers and Policy Options Seminar
01/12/2023 9:00 am - 10:30 am Auditorio de GRADE Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
Group for the Analysis of Development (GRADE), Partnership for Economic Policy (PEP) and Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing (WIEGO) organize the Decent Work for Women in Peru: Barriers and Policy Options Seminar, as part of a research project led by our Senior Researcher Lorena Alcázar on December 1st at 09:00 a.m., in GRADE’s headquarters. REGISTRATION […]
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Investigadores de GRADE serán expositores y comentaristas en el Congreso Anual 2023 de la Asociación Peruana de Economía (APE)
11/08/2023 → 12/08/2023 Trujillo Education and learning, Employment, productivity and innovation, Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Poverty and equality
Investigadores de GRADE serán expositores y comentaristas en el VIII Congreso Anual 2023 de la Asociación Peruana de Economía (APE). El evento, organizado por la la Escuela de Posgrado de la Universidad Privada del Norte, se llevará a cabo los días 11 y 12 de agosto de 2023 en la ciudad de Trujillo. Además de las conferencias magistrales […]
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Miguel Jaramillo was a panelist at the National Youth Employability Convention
01/06/2023 9:45 am - 10:25 am Moquegua Employment, productivity and innovation
Our Senior Researcher Miguel Jaramillo participated today in the National Youth Employability Convention, organized by the Moquegua Regional Government, the Inter-American Development Bank and Anglo American Quellaveco. Miguel was part of a panel that discussed the challenges of Peruvian employability and good practices at the national level. EVENT WEBSITE Check the agenda of the event […]
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Miguel Jaramillo and Ricardo Fort participated in the Core Covid’s global & regional learning event in Dakar
17/01/2023 → 19/01/2023 Dakar, Senegal Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
Our Senior Researchers Miguel Jaramillo and Ricardo Fort participated in the Covid-19 Responses for Equity Core Covid global & regional learning event held last week by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the Institute of Development Studies in Dakar, Senegal. The meeting aimed to discuss synergies and strengthen plans to turn research into action […]
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Seminario internacional Inclusión laboral con enfoque de género en respuesta al COVID-19 en Latinoamérica
24/11/2022 9:00 am - 11:00 am Zoom y Facebook de GRADE Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
El Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE) tiene el agrado de invitarle al seminario internacional Inclusión laboral con enfoque de género en respuesta al COVID-19 en Latinoamérica. El seminario virtual propone debatir en torno a intervenciones para promover el empleo en el contexto económico afectado por la pandemia, así como discutir propuestas y recomendaciones de […]
- Education and Learning
- Employment, Productivity and Innovation
- Rural Development and Agriculture
- Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship
- Methodologies for Research and Evaluation of Policy and Programmes
- Poverty and Equity
- Natural Resources, Extractive Industries and Social Conflict
- State Reform and Public Institutions
- Health and Nutrition
- Urbanization and Sustainable Cities