Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship
Despite social progress and economic advancement in recent years, different forms of social exclusion persist in Peru, which limit the access to development resources for indigenous peoples and Peruvians of African descent. These communities’ ability to fully realize their social, economic, and civil rights is in turn severely diminished. Along with these forms of social exclusion, various mores and institutions of Peruvian society perpetuate other types of social inequalities based on gender and have resulted in unequal opportunities for men and women in our country.
Both forms of inequality have structural roots that not only manifest themselves in civic and economic life, but also find expression in daily acts of discrimination and violence (physical and symbolic).
In this context, GRADE has produced a corpus of studies that explores the multiple dimensions of these forms of social inequality. The studies seek, above all, to bring these problems to the fore by measuring the magnitude of their impact on society, and in turn, we have created a resource for data and analysis that responds to these inequalities.
Building on these studies, we have begun to explore both the causes and consequences of these forms of exclusion, discrimination, and violence. We additionally conduct advocy with the state to incorporate solutions to these issues into its public policy agenda, and we likewise consult on the design of these policy resolutions..
Senior Researchers
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María Balarin Bonazzi
PhD en Educational Policy - University of Bath
María is a Senior Researcher at the Group for the Analysis of Development (GRADE) where she has a broad portfolio of both applied and academic research. Her applied work focuses on the analysis and qualitative evaluation of educational and social policies, with a special focus on processes of policy implementation. Her academic work has mostly focused […]
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Martín Benavides Abanto (on leave)
PhD en Sociology - Pennsylvania State University
Martín Benavides has a PhD in Sociology from Pennsylvania State University where he also attained a Master’s Degree in Education Policy. He has a degree in Sociology and a BA in Sociology from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, and has been a visiting student on issues of social mobility and inequality at Nuffield College […]
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Juan León Jara-Almonte
PhD en - Pennsylvania State University
Juan has a PhD in Educational Theory and Policy and Comparative & International Education from Pennsylvania State University. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in Social Sciences with mention in Economics from the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Currently, he is a Senior Researcher at GRADE. His research interests are inequality in education, intercultural bilingual education, early […]
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Martín Valdivia Huaringa
PhD en Applied Economics - University of Minnesota
Martin Valdivia has a PhD in Applied Economics from the University of Minnesota. He has worked as a Senior Researcher at GRADE since 1993. His fields of interest include entrepreneurship, financial inclusion, rural development and more recently democratic governance, with publications in journals such as the Review of Economics and Statistics, the Journal of Development […]
Associated Researchers
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Néstor Valdivia Vargas
PhD candidate en Sociology - El Colegio de México
Néstor Valdivia is studying for a PhD in Sociology at El Colegio de México and holds a degree in Sociology from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. He is currently an Associate Researcher at GRADE in the fields of poverty and equality, education, the labor market and human development. He has worked on development and […]
External Consultants
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Paulo César Carrasco Fernández
Degree en - Pedro Ruíz Gallo National University
Paulo holds a Degree in Sociology from the National University Pedro Ruiz Gallo in Lambayeque and is a member of the Professional Board of Sociologists in Peru (Colegio de Sociólogos del Perú). Currently he is a Field Supervisor of the Childhood, Violence and Development Project funded by Bernard van Leer Foundation.
Publications
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Desigualdades y violencia de género. Balance de investigación 2016-2021 y agenda de investigación 2021-2026.
Balance de investigación 2016-2021 y agenda de investigación 2021-20262022 Jennie Dador, Wilson Hernández
A más de cuarenta años de la aprobación de la Convención para la eliminación de todas las formas de discriminación contra la mujer y del reconocimiento constitucional de la igualdad entre los sexos en el Perú, es posible dar cuenta de un conjunto de avances normativos, del desarrollo de una institucionalidad especializada que incluye los […]
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Políticas públicas e interculturalidad en el Perú: ¿cómo avanzar en la agenda de la identificación étnica desde el Estado?
El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar2022 Nestor Valdivia
El ensayo de Valdivia plantea algunas reflexiones sobre los avances y desafíos de la interculturalidad en el Perú a partir del uso de la variable étnica en la formulación de las políticas públicas.
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Avances y desafíos en la prevención de la violencia contra los niños, niñas y adolescentes en el hogar: una deuda al Bicentenario
El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar2022 Gabriela Guerrero, Vanessa Rojas
Este ensayo se concentra en analizar la violencia contra los niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) en el hogar, espacio en el que pasan la mayor cantidad de tiempo y que no siempre resulta ser un entorno seguro. Las autoras resaltan el limitado avance de las políticas contra la violencia dirigida hacia los NNA en el […]
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Una mirada crítica a las políticas públicas en materia de violencia de género contra las mujeres
El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar2022 Wilson Hernández
Este ensayo analiza críticamente las políticas públicas enfocadas en la violencia de pareja y expareja contra las mujeres. El argumento central es que las políticas han privilegiado el enfoque de arriba hacia abajo y con ello han homogeneizado a los grupos objetivo, han recurrido a estadísticas generales para describirlos y han dejado de lado el […]
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Trayectorias educativas a lo largo del ciclo de vida: el rol de la pobreza, el área de residencia y las brechas de género
El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar2022 Alan Sanchez
El ensayo documenta la evolución de las brechas educativas a lo largo del ciclo de vida, analiza los vínculos entre pobreza y brechas de género, e intenta identificar los factores que median esta relación para, a partir de ello, proponer recomendaciones de política para niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes.
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Factores asociados a la violencia de pareja contra mujeres: un enfoque departamental desde los patrones de victimización (ENDES 2008-2018)
2019
In Peru, violence against women is a problem of high and persistent prevalence. Despite this, little has been studied in the country and precisely due to two central limitations. On the one hand, research has used aggregated measures contributing to the image of a homogeneous profile’s victim that do not represent the subgroups of women […]
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Brechas que perduran: una radiografía de la exclusión social en Perú
2019
Peru achieved many of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) before the 2015 deadline, a sign of the great economic and social advances of recent decades. However, the high levels of heterogeneity that persist in the development indicators show the high inequalities in the country, particularly in relation to traditionally excluded groups such as women, indigenous […]
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Experiencias de convivencia, matrimonio y maternidad/paternidad en adolescentes y jóvenes peruanos
2019
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Social Interactions and Female Voting in Rural Paraguay: The Role of Urbanization Patterns on the Effectiveness of GOVT Campaigns
2018
Los autores utilizan un experimento de campo para evaluar el impacto de dos campañas informativas “sacar el voto” (get-out-the-vote) para impulsar la participación electoral femenina en Paraguay. Encuentran que las campañas públicas no tuvieron ningún efecto ni en la probabilidad de registro ni en la participación de los votantes en las elecciones presidenciales de 2013. […]
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Vocational and business training to improve women’s labour market outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
2018
This Campbell systematic review examines the impact of vocational and business training targeted at women in low- and middle-income countries. The review summarises evidence from thirty-five quantitative studies with an experimental or quasi-experimental design. The review summarises the impact of 30 interventions, containing data from over 80,000 women. The qualitative narrative meta-synthesis includes findings from […]
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JournalInternational Review of Law and Economics
Do criminal justice reforms reduce crime and perceived risk of crime? A quasi-experimental approach in Peru
2019
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of the new Code of Criminal Procedure (NCCP) on crime and perceived risk of crime in Peru. The progressive implementation of the NCCP allowed us to (1) use differences-in-differences (to control for the effect of time invariant characteristics) with matching estimator (to control for bias […]
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JournalJournal of Youth Studies
Fractured lives: understanding urban youth vulnerability in Perú
2019
The paper reports on a mixed methods study that sought to analyse determinants of youth labour market and educational disengagement in Peru. It begins by questioning the widespread focus on NEET – youth not in employment, education or training – as a measure of youth vulnerability in countries with extensive informal labour markets where labour […]
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JournalJournal of New Approaches in Educational Research
Design, Validation, and Application of a Questionnaire on Media Education for Teachers in Training
2019
This article details the process of design, validation and application (N = 501) of an ad-hoc questionnaire that measures Peruvian teachers’ knowledge, attitudes, and reasoning in training on media education. With regards to the method, several psychometric validation techniques were applied and the results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed a high level […]
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JournalSSM Population Health
Exploring the association between segregation and physical intimate partner violence in Lima, Peru: the mediating role of gender norms and social capital
2019
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been globally recognized as a major public health problem. A growing body of evidence has identified a significant relationship between living in a neighborhood of concentrated disadvantage and experiencing IPV. Considering the increasing rates of poverty and segregation registered in Latin American cities, research on the effects of segregation on […]
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JournalAmerican Journal of Political Science
Urbanization Patterns, Information Diffusion, and Female Voting in Rural Paraguay
2019
Researchers use a field experiment to evaluate the impact of two informational get-out-the-vote campaigns to boost female electoral participation in rural areas of Paraguay. They find that public rallies had a small and insignificant effect either on registration or voter turnout in the 2013 presidential elections. Households that received door-to-door canvassing treatment were 4.6 percentage points more likely […]
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Magnitudes, determinantes y consecuencias de la violencia infantil en los hogares: balance de investigación y de las intervenciones existentes
Investigación para el desarrollo en el Perú: once balances2016
This is an assessment of the research related to violence against children, as well as the most important policies and programs intended to prevent or reduce it. The document begins by presenting the main definitions on the subject, then analyzes the most frequently recurring risk factors. The consequences of childhood violence on health, education, and […]
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Las mujeres en las Ciencias Sociales: reflexiones sobre el contexto peruano a partir de una revisión de la literatura internacional
Bajo el radar de Sofía: oportunidades y barreras de las profesionales en el Perú2014Maria Balarin,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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¿Cómo incluir a los pueblos indígenas andinos? : avances, desafíos y lecciones aprendidas del otorgamiento de derechos de consulta en el Perú y Bolivia
América Latina hacia la Inclusión Social: Avances, aprendizajes y desafíos2014Gerardo Damonte, Manuel Glave,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Exclusión, identidad étnica y políticas de inclusión social en el Perú: el caso de la población indígena y la población afrodescendiente
Investigación, políticas y desarrollo en el Perú -
La investigación sobre el mercado laboral peruano: instituciones, capacitación y grupos desfavorecidos
2007Miguel Jaramillo, Juan Jose Diaz, ,
El objetivo del trabajo es enfocarse en algunos temas centrales para los debates actuales sobre políticas laborales, en los cuales GRADE ha tenido mayor interés y participación. Específicamente, son tres las áreas sobre las que quieren discutir el estado del avance de la investigación, plantear algunos debates y establecer su importancia para la formulación de […]
No se han encontrado publicaciones de Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship en la categoría Policy brief
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Las organizaciones de la población afrodescendiente en el Perú: discursos de identidad y demandas de reconocimiento
2013Nestor Valdivia,
La presente publicación contiene los resultados de un estudio sobre el desarrollo de las org
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¡Aquí estamos! Niñas, niños y adolescentes afroperuanos
2013Martín Benavides, , Nestor Valdivia, ,
Este estudio ofrece un primer acercamiento al ejercicio de los derechos de las niñas, los niños y adolescentes afroperuanos en tres dimensiones claves para su desarrollo integral: salud, educación y protección.
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New Century, Old Disparities : Gender and Ethnic Earnings Gaps in Latin America and the Caribbean
2012,
Despite sustained economic growth at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, Latin America and the Caribbean still faces high inequality and weak indicators of well-being among certain population groups. Women, people of African ancestry, and indigenous peoples are often at the bottom of the income distribution. The share of […]
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Discrimination in Latin America : An Economic Perspective
2010,
The chapters presented in that volume adopt a variety of these methodological tools in order to explore the extent to which discrimination against women and demographic minorities is pervasive in Latin America. In chapter two, Castillo, Petrie, and Torero present a series of experiments to understand the nature of discrimination in urban Lima, Peru. They […]
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Más crecimiento, más equidad: Prioridades de desarrollo en Guatemala
2008,
La estructura y selección de temas de la presente publicación responde, en su mayor parte, a un diagnóstico de crecimiento para Guatemala realizado en 2007, donde se identificaron un conjunto de factores que afectan las posibilidades de desarrollo del país. A lo largo de las páginas hay un reconocimiento tácito de que, si bien todos […]
No se han encontrado publicaciones de Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship en la categoría Mimeo
Projects
- The Peruvian institutional response to Venezuelan migrationFebruary 2019
- Measuring the prevalence of physical and psychological violence against children and teenagers: evidence of Young Lives PeruNovember 2018
- Domestic violenceJanuary 2018
- Etnicidad y sistemas de informaciónJuly 2015
- Revisión Sistemática: ¿Cuál es la efectividad de las intervenciones orientadas a incrementar la participación femenina en ocupaciones consideradas de mayor capacidad y mayor valor social en países de ingresos medios y bajos?July 2015
- Consequences of domestic violence against women on children’s school progress in Peru: a countrywide study differentiated by genderDecember 2014
- Preparation of an academic document on women’s situation in the Peruvian social sciencesAugust 2014
- Evaluación de intervenciones que promueven el liderazgo de las mujeres en pequeñas empresasOctober 2014
- Impacts of the Juntos Program on women’s empoweringOctober 2014
- Support for the Inter-institutional Technical Committee of Ethnicity StatisticsNovember 2013 - October 2013
News
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Wilson Hernández in Latina: To ban motorcycles or not?
February 20, 2022 Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
INEI data show that 40% of money, wallet or cell phone thefts are committed on a motorcycle. 30% of these robberies, in mototaxi. In some cities of Colombia they prohibited carrying a companion on a motorcycle or even the circulation of it. That study revealed that “in effect crime is reduced, but it is very […]
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Wilson Hernández shares his opinion on the authorization of the Armed Forces to support the Police to fight crime
November 3, 2021 Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
“Although the people of the Armed Forces can generate a sense of protection for us, they do not judge, they are not going to put anyone in jail, and, in reality, they are a very short-term solution to a problem that is structural in the Callao and other parts of the country”. Our adjunct researcher Wilson Hernández […]
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Gender equity at work: what works and what doesn’t, by Hugo Ñopo, Sofía Hidalgo and Jerson Veliz
September 17, 2021 Education and learning, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
What works and what doesn’t to advance gender equality at work? The new article by Hugo Ñopo, Sofía Hidalgo and Jerson Veliz for the blog Foco Economico recounts various initiatives, the effectiveness of which has been documented in the literature.
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Military Service for NEETs: Policy Based on Prejudice or Evidence ?, by María Fernanda Rodríguez and Cristina Glave
August 12, 2021 Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
“The reasons that lead the vast majority of these young people to this situation are linked to structural problems such as job insecurity, poverty and gender inequalities.” Our Adjunct Researcher Maria Fernanda Rodríguez and Cristina Glave, associated at APOYO Consultoría, write in OjoPúblico about the fact that President Pedro Castillo announced in his inaugural speech that NEETs […]
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Hugo Ñopo’s opinion in The Washington Post on the announcement of compulsory military service for NEETs
August 11, 2021 Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
In regard of President Castillo’s proposal to make military service compulsory for young people who are neither working nor studying, Hugo Ñopo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, warns that two thirds of those likely to be eligible for military service would actually be women, and that a draft could lead to the abuse of indigenous and […]
Events
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Lorena Alcázar and Vanessa Rojas presented the UNICEF study, “Social protection measures of the Peruvian government in times of COVID-19”
29/09/2022 Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
UNICEF Perú launched its report “Medidas de protección social del gobierno peruano en época de la COVID-19” (Social protection measures of the Peruvian government in times of COVID-19), carried out by GRADE’s researchers, Lorena Alcázar and Vanessa Rojas. The report, aimed to contribute to the development of a social protection system in Peru, was presented by our researchers and discussed by Pablo Casalí, […]
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GRADE on live, Publication Presentation, Webinar
GRADE 40 years | Book Launch “El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar”
01/09/2022 6:00 pm - 7:30 pm Zoom de GRADE Rural development and agriculture, Education and learning, Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship, Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Poverty and equality, Natural resources, extractive industries and social conflict, State reform and public institutions, Health and nutrition, Urbanization and sustainable cities
El Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE) organizes the launch of the book “El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar” (The Pending Peru: essays for a development with well-being), as part of the commemorative celebration for its forty years of institutional life. The book is a collection of essays that, from different conceptual and […]
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Lorena Alcázar will join an IDEHPUCP panel on access to health and education for migrants and refugees
21/06/2022 6:00 pm Zoom y Facebook del IDEHPUCP Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
What are the pending challenges to achieve real access to fundamental rights such as health and education for migrants and refugees in Peru and other Latin American countries? We share the invitation to this upcoming panel as part of the 17th Meeting on Human Rights, held by the Institute of Democracy and Human Rights of the Pontifical Catholic University […]
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GRADE’s researchers will join the 2021 CIES Research Annual Seminar
13/12/2021 → 17/12/2021 10:30 am - 6:15 pm Zoom del CIES Education and learning, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
From December 13 to 17, several GRADE researchers will be speakers, chairs and discussants at the XXXII CIES 2021 Annual Research Seminar. The event, organized by the Consortium for Economic and Social Research (CIES), will address the question How overcome the challenges of the Bicentennial towards sustainable development? From the three-day program, below are the sessions in […]
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Lorena Alcázar will be a panelist in a Minedu, Senaju and UNFPA virtual forum on youth and adolescents in pandemic
28/10/2021 10:00 am Facebook Senaju y UNFPA Perú Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
In Peru, youth suffer a series of disadvantages and vulnerabilities that have been exacerbated by the pandemic. The situation has been even more critical for those in a situation of special protection (rural, indigenous, Afro-Peruvian, LGBITQ +, with disabilities, among others). The Ministry of Education (Minedu), the National Secretariat for Youth (SENAJU) and the United […]
- Education and Learning
- Employment, Productivity and Innovation
- Rural Development and Agriculture
- Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship
- Methodologies for Research and Evaluation of Policy and Programmes
- Poverty and Equity
- Natural Resources, Extractive Industries and Social Conflict
- State Reform and Public Institutions
- Health and Nutrition
- Urbanization and Sustainable Cities