Employment, Productivity and Innovation
The main objective of various projects carried out at GRADE in this area has been to assess the economic impacts of labor legislation and its effects on the hiring of temporary workers, on employment rotation and mobility, or non-salary labor costs and on the demand for formal employment. Additional issues include the insertion of youth in the labor market, self-employment rates, the role of micro and small-scale enterprises in employment generation, and policies for driving innovation in the country.
Senior Researchers
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Juan José Díaz Noziglia
PhD en Economics - University of Maryland
Juan José Díaz has a PhD in Economics from the University of Maryland. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. His interests include the labor economy and evaluating social, educational, health and development programs.
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Miguel Jaramillo Baanante
PhD en History - University of California
Miguel Jaramillo has a degree in Economics from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. He completed his graduate studies in Economics and History at the University of California, where he received a PhD in History. His areas of interests are labor economics, social policy and institutional analysis. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. […]
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Máximo Torero Cullen (de licencia)
PhD en Economics - University of California, Los Angeles
Maximo received a PhD from the University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Economics and held a postdoctoral fellow position at the UCLA Institute for Social Science Research (ISSR). Currently, he is the Chief Economist of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Prior to joining FAO, he was the World Bank Group Executive Director for […]
External Affiliated Researchers
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Sonia Laszlo
PhD en - University of Toronto
Sonia Laszlo is Associate Professor of Economics and Director of the Institute for the Study of International Development. Her main research areas cover many aspects of applied microeconomic analysis in economic development: rural development, access to markets, and the relationship between income, health and education in economic development. In addition to using traditional analytic tools […]
Publications
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Políticas de protección social y laboral en la República Dominicana
2021 Hugo Ñopo, Sócrates Barinas
Social protection in the Dominican Republic results from a combination of social security programs in contributory and non-contributory modalities, labor regulations regarding job stability and minimum wages for a subset of workers, as well as anti-poverty programs. The contributions to the contributory modality and the costs of formal contracting vary according to the sector and […]
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Políticas de protección social y laboral en el Perú. Una espiral de buenas intenciones, malos resultados y peores respuestas
2021 Hugo Ñopo
The legislation stipulates that, with some exceptions, every worker and their family members are covered by a social safety net that is financed by contributions from employers and workers. This legislation, to a large extent, is violated; and, to another extent, it has exceptions. As a result, most workers do not enjoy contributory social protection. […]
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Políticas de protección social y laboral en el Perú. Una espiral de buenas intenciones, malos resultados y peores respuestas
2021 Hugo Ñopo
The legislation stipulates that, with some exceptions, all workers and their family members are covered by a social safety net that is financed by contributions from employers and workers. This legislation, to a large extent, is violated and to another extent has exceptions. As a result, most workers do not enjoy contributory social protection. The […]
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¿Reinserción y permanencia en el mercado laboral con equidad de género?: el Servicio Cuidado Diurno en madres jóvenes
2021 Gabriela Arrunategui, Micaela Giesecke
Durante las últimas dos décadas, las mujeres peruanas han ganado derechos en diferentes ámbitos de la vida social, política y económica (Benavente y Valdés, 2014; Sara-lafosse, 2009). La inserción de la fuerza laboral femenina representa para ellas un logro en su autonomía económica (Irigaray, 1992; Lupica, 2015). Aquellas que son madres, sin embargo, enfrentan penalizaciones […]
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Savings Groups Reduce Vulnerability, but Have Mixed Effects on Financial Inclusion
2020 Verónica Frisancho, Martin Valdivia
This paper evaluates the impact of the introduction of savings groups on poverty, vulnerability, and financial inclusion outcomes in rural Peru. Using a cluster randomized control trial and relying on both survey and administrative records, researchers investigate the impact of savings groups after more than two years of exposure. The authors find that savings groups […]
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Measuring the Relative Pay of Latin American School Teachers at the turn of the 20th Century
2014,
How much are teachers paid in comparison to those in other professions in Latin America? How have these differences evolved at the turn of the 20th century? This paper documents the extent to which teachers are underpaid vis-à-vis workers in other professional and technical occupations in thirteen Latin-American countries circa 2007. It also analyses the […]
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Diferenciales de ingreso entre trabajadores públicos y privados
2013,
El estudio pretende complementar la escasa literatura existente sobre los diferenciales de ingreso entre el sector público y privado, en el marco del debate en torno a la reforma del servicio civil peruano.
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Mujer y movilidad social
2013,
En el documento se presenta un conjunto de recomendaciones de política para generar una efectiva igualdad de oportunidades para hombres y mujeres y, de esta forma, mejorar las dinámicas de movilidad social en Colombia. Para esto, inicialmente se explora la evidencia existente sobre la situación de la mujer en la sociedad colombiana y se hace […]
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Evolution of Teachers’ Salaries in Latin America at the Turn of the 20th Century: How Much Are They (Under or Over) Paid?
2012,
How much are teachers paid in comparison to those in other professions in Latin America? How have these differences evolved at the turn of the 20th century? This paper reports the evolution, between circa 1997 and circa 2007, of teachers´ salaries vis-à-vis workers in other professional and technical occupations for thirteen Latin-American countries. After controlling […]
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Heterogeneity of total factor productivity across Latin American countries: evidence from manufacturing firms
2012, Alan Sanchez,
We use a firm production function approach to generate estimates of total factor productivity (TFP) and labor productivity in the manufacturing sector for a group of Latin American countries.
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JournalJournal of Pension Economics and Finance
Overcoming the Saving Slump: How to Increase the Effectiveness of Financial Education and Saving Programs
2010,
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JournalThe Review of Economics and Statistics
Matching as a Tool to Decompose Wage Gaps
2008,
The paper presents a methodology that uses matching comparisons to explain gender wage differences. The approach emphasizes gender differences in the supports of the distributions of observable characteristics and provides insights into the distribution of unexplained gender pay differences. This nonparametric alternative to the Blinder-Oaxaca (BO) decomposition does not require the estimation of earnings equations […]
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JournalRevista Economía
Occupational training to reduce gender segregation: The impacts of ProJoven
2008,
The paper illustrates the process of program evaluation for ProJoven, the Peruvian youth labor training program. The program provides beneficiaries with basic three-month training in lowskill occupations and with internship opportunities. ProJoven’s design promotes gender equality by encouraging female participation in training for traditionally male-dominated occupations and by providing subsidies so mothers with children can […]
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JournalEconomic Development and Cultural Change
Ethnicity and Earnings in a Mixed-Race Labor Market
2007, Maximo Torero,
The study examines the relationship between earnings and racial differences in a context in which various races have coexisted and mixed during several centuries, as is true in many parts of the postcolonial world and specifically urban Peru. Coarse indicators of racial differences do not suffice in capturing this relationship; therefore, the authors introduce a score-based […]
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La investigación sobre el mercado laboral peruano: instituciones, capacitación y grupos desfavorecidos
Investigación, políticas y desarrollo en el Perú2007Miguel Jaramillo, , Juan Jose Diaz,
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Sistemas de innovación tecnológica
Investigación, políticas y desarrollo en el Perú2007Juana Kuramoto,
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Gasto público, productividad e ingresos agrarios en el Perú: avances de investigación y resultados empíricos propios
Investigación, políticas y desarrollo en el Perú2007Eduardo Zegarra, ,
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La investigación sobre el mercado laboral peruano: instituciones, capacitación y grupos desfavorecidos
2007Miguel Jaramillo, Juan Jose Diaz, ,
El objetivo del trabajo es enfocarse en algunos temas centrales para los debates actuales sobre políticas laborales, en los cuales GRADE ha tenido mayor interés y participación. Específicamente, son tres las áreas sobre las que quieren discutir el estado del avance de la investigación, plantear algunos debates y establecer su importancia para la formulación de […]
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Región y nación en los espacios del norte: desarrollos económicos y sociales en fases de transición: extremo Norte Peruano Chico Chileno
Chile-Perú, Perú-Chile: 1820-19202005Miguel Jaramillo, ,
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Guide to microfinance in Latin America
2013Miguel Jaramillo,
The Guide concludes with lessons that may be relevant for other contexts, as well as highlighting key publications and organisations related to microfinance in the region.
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Latin America’s Institutional and Regulatory Innovations for Microfinance Growth
2013Miguel Jaramillo,
This Brief provides an overview to the Latin American experience in regulating MFIs, covering the history of microfinance regulation in the region and the positive effects it has had on the sector’s current performance.
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Expanding microfinance in Latin America’s rural areas
2013Miguel Jaramillo,
This brief begins by discussing microfinance’s impacts in rural areas, presenting evidence on rural poverty as well as on microfinance’s positive effects on consumption and investment in education.
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Latin American Innovations in Microfinance Technology
2013Miguel Jaramillo,
In Latin America, innovations in microfinance come not only from new technology, but by focusing on the people and processes making use of that technology, achieving important advances in scale and reach.
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Learning from CCT evaluations
2012Miguel Jaramillo,
This brief reviews evaluation objectives, key steps to consider in designing and implementing a rigorous CCT evaluation, and describes how evaluations have been used in the region.
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Imaginemos un Perú mejor
1989
Artículos periodísticos escritos por el autor entre 1985 y 1988 para promover la diseminación de un enfoque de largo plazo en el pensamiento de quienes diseñan o ejecutan políticas de desarrollo.
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Excelencia científica en la periferia: actividades científicas e investigación biomédica en el Perú 1890-1950
1989
La actividad científica en el Perú entre 1890 y 1950. Según Cueto, el trabajo científico en nuestro país tiene sus propias reglas no como síntomas de atraso o modernidad sino como parte de su propia cultura.
No se han encontrado publicaciones de Employment, Productivity and Innovation en la categoría Mimeo
Projects
- Salaries in the public sectorApril 2011 - July 2011
- Preparation of the policy document “Innovation, Science and Technology Policies”October 2010 - December 2010
- Labor component of ‘facilitating businesses’October 2010 - October 2010
- Study about the Innovation System in Dominican RepublicSeptember 2010 - November 2010
- Support in the impact evaluation process of PROJOVVEN and design of the SENEP evaluationAugust 2010 - December 2010
- Exploring factors associated with cognitive abilities of the adult urban population in PeruJune 2010 - September 2010
- Proposal for the design of the Educaempleo System and implementation strategy.May 2010 - July 2010
- Evaluation of Innovation Support Policies in Peru: Elements for the AnalysisApril 2010 - June 2010
- Study of synthesis on Innovation Works of the FINCYT ContestFebruary 2010 - April 2011
- Qualitative study on formalization barriers between micro businesses in El Cercado de Lima.January 2010 - January 2010
News
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Peruvian labor market: less productive, less equitable and more precarious, by Miguel Jaramillo
April 30, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation
“We have a less productive, more inequitable labor market –with a greater gap between formal and informal– and more precarious. Today this market has less access to social benefits and the protection of the law.” In his new op-ed for Forbes Peru, our Senior Researcher Miguel Jaramillo reviews how Peru’s response to the pandemic and current labor […]
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More noise than nuts in the labor tree, by Hugo Ñopo
April 27, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation
“It is difficult to make precise estimates of the expected impacts of the new Labor Code, but I dare to anticipate that they will not be very large. As happened with the VAT reduction regulations that were recently passed, there is more noise here than nuts. This is very bad news, because we will continue […]
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Opinion Article, Media GRADE, GRADE frente al COVID-19
Hitting the AFP like piñatas, by Hugo Ñopo
April 20, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation
“The private pension system was born with an original sin: trying to turn the right to a decent retirement into a commodity with high commissions”. Read the new weekly column by Hugo Ñopo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, for Jugo de Caigua about the new retirement of AFP (Pension Fund Administrators) approved by the Economy Commission of our […]
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Miguel Jaramillo in Sudaca Perú: What is going on in the labour sector?
April 19, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation
“What this bill does is make formal hiring more expensive. It will be more difficult for the most productive companies to hire more workers. There’s not much to look forward to in terms of productivity gains. The only beneficiaries of this code are workers who have a permanent contract and, particularly, unionized workers. [However] unionization […]
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Opinion Article, Media GRADE, GRADE frente al COVID-19
Informalities, margins and dimensions, by Hugo Ñopo
April 16, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation
“When we say that informality in the country reaches 72% of workers, we are adding all those who do not contribute to health or pensions, putting very different realities in the same bag. One part of this informality is combated with inspection, another Some (in fact, the vast majority) do not. Making the distinctions is […]
Events
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Miguel Jaramillo will be a panelist in the IDEHPUCP webinar on informality and human rights
14/10/2020 10:00 am Evento virtual Employment, productivity and innovation
The Institute for Democracy and Human Rights (IDEHPUCP) and the Working Group on Business and Human Rights – Voluntary Principles and Guiding Principles (GT) organize the webinar “Informality and human rights: Tracing routes for a common agenda”. With the COVID-19 outbreak and the adoption of measures such as mandatory social isolation to cope, concern around […]
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GRADE celebrates 40 years of foundation on the sidelines of Peru’s bicentennial
01/06/2020 → 30/06/2021 Rural development and agriculture, Education and learning, Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship, Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Poverty and equality, Natural resources, extractive industries and social conflict, State reform and public institutions, Health and nutrition, Urbanization and sustainable cities
When GRADE turned 35 in 2015, we researchers produced a set of research reports on key issues for the country’s development. These works, gathered in the book Research for development in Peru, sought to satisfy the demand for knowledge aimed at fostering a more informed debate on public policy in Peru. In the foreword of the publication, Javier […]
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Lorena Alcázar will be a panelist at CIES-UNDP Peru dialogue on youth action against the pandemic
29/09/2020 4:00 pm Evento virtual Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
Youth has been one of the hardest hit not only by the direct impact of COVID-19 on the lives of young people, their families or their communities, but also by a reduction of spaces, funding and opportunities to play an active role in the response and recovery process. To discuss this issue, the Consortium for […]
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Miguel Jaramillo and other experts will discuss the current economic recession in Ojo Público Ask
27/08/2020 6:30 pm Evento virtual Employment, productivity and innovation
The country is in a technical recession, that is, one step away from the economic crisis. How to reactivate the economy when you have a 70% labor informality? What social programs are a priority at this juncture? These issues will be discussed in a new edition of Ojo Público Ask, organized by Ojo Público. DISCUSSANTS […]
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Hugo Ñopo discussed the challenges of human development in the face of the pandemic at a KAS Peru event
20/08/2020 5:00 pm Evento virtual Employment, productivity and innovation, Poverty and equality, State reform and public institutions
“The world has applauded that we have good financial backs, which have been built on the basis of a very well done macroeconomy. Unfortunately, we have forgotten to invest in the most important thing: people. In health and education” (El Comercio, April 30 2020). Hugo Ñopo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, discussed the challenges of human […]
- Education and Learning
- Employment, Productivity and Innovation
- Rural Development and Agriculture
- Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship
- Methodologies for Research and Evaluation of Policy and Programmes
- Poverty and Equity
- Natural Resources, Extractive Industries and Social Conflict
- State Reform and Public Institutions
- Health and Nutrition
- Urbanization and Sustainable Cities